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Three patents have been found that relate to the manufacture of saw medallions. The earliest patent is by Washbourne dated Dec 31, 1867. A Dec. 21, 1869 patent by Daniel T. Munger followed. C. Glover’s patent of Dec. 27, 1887 was the third. It should be noted that the three patents referred to the bolts used to fasten the handle of a saw to the blade were called saw screws with the medallion being called a label screw. The threaded portion of the saw screw is called shank. Other terminology that may be of value is as follows. We know what a saw handle is. It is called the frame in the 1867 patent. Swage is used in the 1887 patent description. The swage is a tool used by workers in metals for shaping their work. The swage is held on the work or the work on it and striking it with a tool such as a hammer or press. A swaged piece has been shaped by means of a swage. A swaged piece has been shaped by means of a swage. The three patents will not be described in their entirety. There will be enough wording to allow a comprehensive discussion on the development of saw label screw and common saw screws. Washbourne’s patent No. 72,766, December 31, 1867 "This invention relates to the making of screw bolts, such, for example, as are used for attaching the blades of a saw to its frame or handle. Such bolts have hitherto been made of one piece of metal. The ordinary mode of making them being to cast them, the head and shank being made in one piece. In the case of those which are used for uniting the blades of hand saws to their frames or handles the material employed is brass, which helps to give a handsome finish to the handle. Among other disadvantages or defects of screw bolts when thus made is their brittle character, their coarse and rough appearance, the large percentage of material which is wasted in the manufacture, and their large cost. In producing screw bolts for saw frames or handles, or other purpose, according to my invention, I make use of wrought metal only (save for the nut) and form the head and shank entirely separate and apart from each other. In screw bolts for saw frames, I take sheet brass, and cut out the heads by means of punches or other suitable implements, and afterwards strike or swage them up to the form required by means of dies."
The patent papers show the head of a screw with concavity formed on its upper surface by means of suitable dies. The upper surface of the head is, if desired, impressed from the face of the die, with trade mark, or with the name of the maker, or with ornamental characters. The shank or body is made of wrought dire, of the proper diameter, which is cut off to the proper length, and one end, after being made square, (author’s note-to prevent turning in the handle when tightened) is united to the undersurface of the head by brazing or soldering, after which a screw thread is formed on the other end of the shank. Richardson Brothers of Newark, NJ and Harvey Peace of Brooklyn, NY used this patent.
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